Smaller societies can get away with simply dumping their feces into nature, allowing it to enter waterways and groundwater without many consequences. Nature is wonderful in that it can process feces without any human involvement. Sewage, in context, is an amount or concentration of feces that cannot be naturally returned to the Earth without contaminating nearby water sources. There are a number of modern ways to treat sewage, but the important note about needing sewage treatment is that there must be flowing water. Without flowing water, sewage stagnates and causes numerous problems for anyone nearby. In order to process sewage, flowing water carries waste to a facility designed to process the waste out and return clean water back into the system. Societies have in fact existed without any sewage treatment or even disposal. It must have been a horrible smell, and perhaps why incense and other aromatics were so popular in history. In order for a large society to remain, it should have sewage treatment as advanced as technology will allow.
Most societies provide for this need automatically, without any design required. Simply taking care of the primary societal needs often creates enough work year round for people to feel they are needed and to keep them busy. Keeping people busy means they have less time to think about causing trouble both in their own society and for other societies. Even with that negative connotation, a sense of purpose is a powerful motivator in a person's life. More importantly, as technology becomes more advanced, education and political leadership improve, and societal systems become more efficient, a surplus in people and a lack of jobs will create a void where a substantial portion of the population will be without an acceptable purpose. A good example of this is already happening around the world: Social media is a form of work for many people, even though it produces nothing physical and serves a very limited purpose from a contextual standpoint (mining coal to generate electricity is a still a higher priority than keeping twitter prevalent). Work is necessary for people to fill their lives with a constant sense of importance and accomplishment. At the very least, a large society should anticipate providing for large sponsored projects with decent frequency in order to give purpose to those who have trouble finding their place. The Egyptians had pyramids, Pope Urban II began the crusades, and the British Empire had a lot of colonies - historically creating the internal and external purpose categories.
Aside from pushing people into jobs and working them all their lives, societies need to understand the immense power of joyful distraction. Indeed, as technology gets better and societies become more advanced in general, policies could balance work and play evenly with the same results we see now. Instead of the work week being at a normal 40 hours, it could be 20, with the remainder of the week dedicated to play. Movies, table-top games, computer games, arcades, theme parks, tourist attractions, festivals, sports, etc. Take your pick, playing games has been a part of human life since before we could write or even count. What were your first actions as a child? You probably played with some object or were fascinated by something you saw. Maybe you poked it or tried to eat it. Our curiosity with our environments and the experiments that result predictably lead to games: a set of rules that people follow to accomplish some goal. What people do in their free time heavily influences how they act. The concept of entertainment has a similar effect as work - it keeps us busy, and it helps to prevent problems that might arise out of the lack of something to do. Without entertainment, people, and the societies they belong to have trouble keeping their composure and risk breaking down from stress. Entertainment is also a wonderful way for groups of people to find cohesion.
Whether or not this is important enough to include as a secondary need is under debate. People have lived without electricity for much longer than they have lived with it. Instead of burning candles and warm fires, we burn coal or oil or gas in a centralized plant to produce electricity. It's arguably no more efficient, but that is besides the point. Electricity is mentioned as a secondary societal need because of our reliance and dependence on it currently. While it is mostly used for light, electricity is necessary for a number of other important aspects of society. Work often requires it to power machines, fans, conveyor belts, etc. Entertainment can exist just fine without it, but forget about movies, television, and computer games, much less anything new and exciting. Water pumps commonly require electricity. So on and so forth. It isn't much of a question of why we need it, but how to organize it. Currently, all our electrical systems are highly centralized: A plant produces massive amounts of electrical power, which then flows through lines to power stations placed by the need for conversion and phasing; the power then flows through a breaker box in your house to all your outlets, which you must then run cords to. All this distance means vast amounts of waste stemming from loss to heat caused by resistance. Ideally, electricity would be very decentralized. Smaller plants could produce more focused and less wasteful electricity to local areas, or better yet, each home could utilize its own power source. Highly advanced societies will be rated by how efficiently electricity is produced and how well it is utilized.
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